What are the four marks of the church as described in Christian doctrine?

The four marks of the Church, as described in Christian doctrine, are one, holy, catholic, and apostolic. This is a foundational aspect of understanding the nature of the Church in theology.

"One" signifies the unity of the Church, expressing the belief that all Christians are united as one body in Christ, sharing the same faith and sacraments.

"Holy" conveys the idea that the Church, while comprised of imperfect individuals, is set apart for God’s purposes and is called to holiness. This characteristic emphasizes the transformative power of the Holy Spirit working within the Church and its members.

"Cathedral" (in this context referring to "catholic," derived from the Greek word meaning "universal") indicates that the Church is meant for all people, transcending cultural, geographical, and racial boundaries, highlighting its inclusive nature.

"Apostolic" reflects the Church’s foundation on the teachings and practices of the Apostles, as well as its continual mission to proclaim the Gospel as they did. This mark underscores the importance of authentic transmission of faith throughout generations.

These four marks collectively describe the essential attributes that define the nature and mission of the Church in Christian belief.